(1) The essential basis of the arising of dharmas.[胜鬘经、 T 353.12.220c] "言地者 本为末依 名之为住 本能生末 目之为地。"(2) A place where defilements are confined. (3) Static defilements 住地烦恼, in contrast to "arisen" defilements 起烦恼. [二障义、 HPC 1.801a]