（1） To resemble the dharma; "semblance dharma." Teachings which resemble those of the true dharma taught by the Buddha. One of the three periods of time 三时 （see also 正像末） after the passing away of the Buddha， which are the periods of the correct dharma 正法， semblance dharma and degenerate dharma 末法. Buddhists study the teachings and engage themselves in practice， but the practices do not necessarily lead to the full enlightenment of the Buddha （pratiru^pakah）.