Xiaozong （1127-1194） Emperor of the second dynasty of the Southern Song （ascended the throne in 1162）. An unusually learned emperor who instituted many government reforms which resulted in a period of resurgence for the Southern Song. He was especially interested in Buddhism and studied with prominent teachers of his time. He wrote essays defending Buddhism against Neo-Confucian criticism and also wrote a commentary on the Yuanjue jing 圆觉经 （Z 251）. details.