Dharmapa^la. One of the ten great exponents of Yoga^ca^ra 瑜伽行派 in India， supposed to have been born in the middle of the sixth century， C.E. He wrote a commentary on the Thirty Verses on Consciousness-only 唯识三十论 by Vasubandhu， which was later translated into Chinese by Xuanzang 玄奘. Born as the son of a high government minister. At about the age of twenty， on the evening that he was supposed to marry a princess， he ran away to a mountain temple. Subsequently he studied and mastered the teachings of the Lesser Vehicle 小乘 and Maha^ya^na 大乘， later traveling extensively， and becoming famous for his debates with non-Buddhists. Later he received instruction in the dharma from Digna^ga 阵那 while staying at Na^landa^ temple. He taught Yoga^ca^ra doctrine extensively and had many disciples. He is especially well-known for his understanding that consciousness is always manifested in both its subjective and objective aspects， as distinguished from Sthiramati 安慧， who understood the bifurcation of consciousness into subject and object to be wholly imaginary. At the age of twenty-nine he retired into Asam!bodhi temple and passed away at the age of 32. His interpretations regarding the nature of consciousness became predominant in the Faxiang 法相 stream of Xuanzang and Kuiji 窥基.