（Skt. a^hri^kya， Tib. n%o tsha med pa）; 'no conscience.' In the Abhidharmako/sa-bha^sya 俱舍论 this is counted as one of the greater afflictive elemental constructs， and in the doctrine of the Yoga^ca^ra school 瑜伽行派 it is one of the twenty secondary afflictions （随烦恼）. The mental action of doing evil and not feeling any shame for it. It is one of the 'middling' secondary defilements， and is considered to be a 'real element.'