【英汉对照佛学词典】

真言宗


The True Word School, in Chinese, Zhēnyán zo^ng, in Japanese Shingon shu^. This school did not develop to a significant degree in Korea. "True Word" is one Chinese of translation of the Sanskrit mantra , and this school can be considered as the East Asian version of mantraya^na/tantraya^na/vajraya^na, also known as the Esoteric Sect (密教、密宗). The formation of the school in China is based largely on scriptures brought to China by S/ubha^karasim!ha 善无畏, Vajrabodhi 金刚智, and his disciple Amoghavajra 不空. S/ubha^karasim!ha arrived first in 716 and translated the Maha^vairocana Sutra (大日经 T 848.18.1). Vajrabodhi and Amoghavajra arrived in 720 and produced two selective translations of the Sarvatathagatatattvasamgraha (T. 866, 865). For the next fifty years the wonder-working abilities of these a^ca^ryas ("teachers" 阿阇梨) and the prestige of their newly imported teachings bolstered the school until, under Amoghavajra and Emperor Daizong 大宗 (r. 762-779).

The Shingon school was established in Japan by Ku^kai 空海, who received the True Word teachings from Huiguo 惠果, and it was in Japan where this tradition become firmly established as an independent school, based primarily on the Maha^vairocana Sutra and the Vajra/sekhara-su^tra 金刚顶经. (Credit) cmuller(entry)