（1） In Buddhism， "analytical meditation" or "observation meditation" （vipa/syana^） as contrasted to "concentration meditation" （/samatha; 止， 定）. Using strong concentration to investigate a Buddhist truth， such as dependent origination or emptiness. Sometimes used as a general term for "meditation" or "contemplation，" but also used with specific technical connotations. Transcribed as 毗婆沙那. （2） To "discern" or "observe" the principle of reality; to see things as they really are （upalaks!an!a， vipa/syana^， pa/syanti）. （3） The observation at the fourth level of breathing meditation where one analyzes with wisdom. （4） To analyze or investigate the principle of things with wisdom （pari^ks!a^）. （5） "Fine analysis" （伺） （vica^ra）. （6） To pay attention. （7） Reflection.