（1） Language， speech （va^c）， which is one of the three kinds of permeation of the store consciousness taught in the Maha^ya^na-sam!graha. ［摄大乘论 T 1593.31.117c3］（2） The usage of language to teach the dharma （de/sana^）. （3） Language as synergistic with the mental realm of phenomenal differentiation （abhi^a^pa）.