（1） A wise person. （vijn~a）. （2） Excellent， superior， noble， worthy of respect （Skt. a^rya; Pali ariya）. （3） A enlightened sage 圣人， as distinguished from unenlightened worldling 凡夫. （4） A /sra^vaka or arhat. （5） A combined reference to the thirty stages of the worthies and ten stages of the sages 三贤十圣. In the fifty-two stage path to buddhahood， the thirty stages of the worthies are the ten abidings 十住， the ten practices 十行， and ten dedications of merit 住回向. The ten stages of the sages are the ten bodhisattva bhu^mis 十地.